Coal breaker



Jan. 29, 1'929. 1,700,266 A. LOZA! ET AL l COAL BREAKER Filed June l,1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Figi.

Jan. 29, 1929.

- 1,700,266 A. LozAl ET AL COAL BREAKER Filed June 1,' 1926 2Sheets-Sheet 2 i Patented Jan. 29, 192.9.

UNITED STATES,l

AIABLE LOZAI AND ACHILLE IiERGIUfOF PETITE GUEVILLY, FRANCE.

con. BREAKER- The present invention relates to apparatus for breakingcoal, coke and similar materials.;

ftures not only .comb1nat1on,

and its object, stated briey, is to provide, in a machine or apparatusof that character, certain improved structural features or deviceswhereby the driving mechanism will be thrown out of operationautomatically consequent upon the introduction of unbreakable bodies,sucl" as stone, iron and the like, into the machine with the coal. y

According to the form of the invention now preferred, and vasillustrated in the accompanying drawings, the material to be broken upvis carried across a supporting table which is normally held in raisedposition, but which is caused to yield and move down when the crushingimplements encounter uncrushable material; and this yielding downwardmovement of the table is utilized to release a normally-locked orlatched member which thereupon acts to'interrupt the drive. Theinvention involves these feain their broad aspect and in ut also intheir specicdetails; andit further involves various other combinationsand arrangements of parts and features, as hereinafter described andclaimed.'

In said drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, a side elevationand a left-hand end view of the improved apparatus ormachine, and Fig.`3 is an enlarged vie-w of a detail of the latch mechanism.

Referring more .particularly to the drawings, the apparatus, which ismounted on a suitable base or bed, comprises a framework that embodiesupright end members or standl ards A, A', connected at their lowerlport-ions by side members B,B', and at, their upper portions byhorizontal cross-ties C, C; the various parts being bolted or otherwisefastened together. The ties or auxiliary side members' C, C', have theirinner side faces provided with. guideways for engagement by a pair'ofvertically-movable slides or crossheads D, D',which, in turn, carryplates F, F' on their under faces provided with' holes to receive theShanks of the crushing' or breaking tools G, G', here shown'as in theform of vertically-arranged picks. rlhe're are two distinct sets orgroups of these picks, one set G' carried by the cross-head D andhereinafter called the roughing picks, and` the other set G carried bythe cross-head D` and ltermed the'nishing picks; those of the last-namedset being adjustable laterally with relation to one another to regulatethe size of en aged with the fast pulley'T,

192e, sum1 No. 113,034, and in France september 11, im;

the pieces into kwhich the coal or the like is i i to bebroken. a o

To actuate'the two sets of 'picks in alternation Aat the proper`intervals, a shaftv H is provided having cranks connected by rods ory,pitmen E, E' with spindles M, M', mounted upon the` crossheads DD. Thecrank shaft isy journaled in bearings I, I' secured 5to the topsgof thetwo suitably-positioned .l

standards A, A'and it carriesat one end fast and loose pulleys T vandUwith which a driving belt (not shown) isalternatively engageable, beingshiftable from vone 'to the other by a fork Y', as hereinafterexplained.

The reciprocatory movement of the picks carries them toward and -from abreakin lor ,crushingtable J, over which passes an en less conveyor Nconsisting of a series .of metal plates attached at opposite ends toapair of sprocket chains that travel around pairs of s rockets O,Osecured to horizontal cross- `s afts P, P2. The rear shaft P isconnected to be driven from an uEpercrosS-shaft yPz,

in the present instance, y meansv of a chain T' and sprockets T2 and 'I3tively, to the shafts P" and P; the former shaft also beingprovided witha bevel gear S' in mesh with anddriven by a bevel pinionS which is xedtothe oppositeend o a crank shaft H from pulleys T,IU. Shafts P. and P'are journaled in brackets Q, and R secured to standard A, while shaft P2issimila'rly journaled in brackets Q secured to the front standard A'.

secured, respec- ,So far as concerns the'parts already defv scribed, theoperation is -believed to be obvious. Assuming that the driving belt isthe crank yshaft/ H will be rotated and will act to reciprocate the twosets of picks, one vafter the other, which thusmove toward and from thematerial to be crushed. At the Sametime, the belt or conveyor` N whichcarries lthe material beneaththe picks is driven from shaft H throughthe gearing S, S', and thechain-andsprocket connection T- '-T".

vThe main feature of the'invention, however, is.` the provision of anautomatic throwout which is operated whenever one set of picks-in thiscase, the roughing picks Gi'- encounter unbreakable material on theconveyor; the arrangement-being such that when that contingenc occurs,the drive will be automatically iscontinued or interrupted and the shaftH will cease to rotate. Preferably, this interrupting action is effectedby lil@ shifting the driving belt onto thehloose pulley; the shiftingfork Y being spring-loaded to move the belt when released from alockling orlatching device which normally holds it in cocked position.The crushing table J whereover the upper stretch of conveyor N passes,is mounted to yield when the picks strike unbreakable material on theconveyor, and it is this yielding movement which is utilized to releasethe latch.

According to the construction illustrated, table J is hinged or pivotedat its rear end upon a horizontal' rot or pin L mounted in bearingsinthe rear standard A, and is supported adjacent its front end by apair-,of springs K which normally hold that end raised and which arepositioned in recesses in the lower or main side members B, B of theframework. The springs K actually engage the ends of a cross-rod Lwhereon the table directly rests, and it will be apparent that saidsprings will necessarily yield when the downward pressure exerted bypicks G exceeds their upward pressure.

The. previously-mentioned shifting fork Y includes as a part thereof ahorizontal shaft or rod Y carrying anexpansible coil spring Z that tendsto move it in a direction to shift the belt from the fast pulley to theloose pulley; said rod being slidably mounted in o enings formed througha pair of spaced c eeks or lugs V, V', which are here shown as carriedby one of the upper or auxiliary side members or ties in this case,member C). A cross-pin X is also mounted in lugs V, V', and constitutesa pivot for a lever X which is connected at its outer end by a chain Z,or other flexible element to the adjacent end of cross-rod L; the otherend of l the lever being adapted to catch into a notch or shoulder Y2formed in the fork rod Y and disposed in the space between said lugswhen the fork is retracted to engage the driving belt with the fastpulley T.

Due to this arrangement, it will be apparent that the downward movementof the crushing table J described above will exert a downward pull onchain Z, with the result that the catch or lever X will turn clockwiseabout its pivot X', and itsinner arm will be released from the notch Y2in rod Y. Spring Z will thcreb be freed and its expansion will move thefor( to the right; said fork carrylng the driving belt onto the loosepulley U and 1n consequence, terminating the rotation v of shaft H,whereupon the machine will cease operatmg. After removal of theunbreakable material from the machine, the latter can be re-started byretracting the fork in any desired manner so as to bring lthe drivingbelt back again to engagement with the fast pulley, the rearward orleftward-movement of the fork compressing its actuating spring Z" andfinally bringing the notch Y2 into line with the inner arm of the catchlever X which like, comprising a main shaft; fast and loose pulleysmounted thereon for alternative engagement by a'driving belt; crushingtools l carried by said shaft; va belt shifter; and means forautomatically operating the belt shifter to engage the belt with theloose pulley when the crushing tools strike unbreakable material. l

2. A breaking machine, comprising a yieldingly mounted element tosupport the material being crushed; crushing tools operative on thematerial on said support and acting to cause yielding movement ofthesame on contact with unbreakable material; means for operating saidtools; and means operated automatically consequent vupon such yieldingmovement for terminating the action of the tool-operating means.

3. A breaking machine, comprisinga yieldingly mounted element tosupportthe material being crushed;a crank shaft extending thereover; crushingtools suspended from said shaft for operation en the material on saidsupport .and acting to cause yielding movement of the same on contactwith unbreakable material; driving means for said shaft; and meansoperated automatically consequent upon such yielding movement for ter-'minating the action of said driving means.

tools .carried by said shaft and acting to cause yielding movement ofsaid support on contact with unbreakable material; fast and loosepulleys mounted on said shaft for alternative engagement by a drivingbelt; a belt shifter; and means operated automatically consequent uponthe yielding'I movement of the support for actuating the belt shifter toengage the belt with the loose pulley.

6. A breaking machine according to claim 2, in'which the support is'hinged at one end for swinging movement, and in which sprin means areprovided for normally holding the other end of the support in raisedposition.

` A breaking machine, according to claim 5, 1n which the support ishinged at one end for swinging movement, and in which spring means areprovided for normally holding the other end of the support in raisedposition.

8. A breaking machine, comprising a main vno shaft; fast and loosepulleys mounted vthereon for alternative engagement by a driving belt;

- a spring-loaded belt shifter tending to engage the belt with the loosepulley; a latch for. holding the belt shifter in cocked position withthe belt engaging the fast pulley; crushing tools carried by said shaft;and means for automaticallyreleasing the latch when the crushing toolsstrike unbreakable material.

9. A breaking machine, comprising a yielding sup ort for the material tobe crushed; a main s aft extending thereover; crushing tools carried bysaid shaft and acting to cause yielding movement of said support oncontact with unbreakable material; fast` and loose pulleys mounted onsaid shaft for alternative engagementby a driving belt; a s ring-loadedbelt shifter tending to engage t e belt with the loose pulley; a latchfor holding the belt shifter in cocked position with the belt engagingthe'fast pulley; and means operated automatically consequent upon theyielding movement of the. support for releasing the latch.

10. A' breaklng machine, comprising a main shaft; fast and loose pulleysmounted thereon for alternative engagement by a driving belt; a beltshifter means tending to lmove the belt shifter in a direction to engagethe belt with the loose pulley; melans acting against the last-namedmeans to hold-the belt shifter in a position lin which the belt engagesthe fast pulley; crushing tools carried by 'said shaft; and means forautomatically releasing said holding means when the crushing toolsstrike unbreakable material. *y

In testimony whereof we ailix oursignal tures. v

LoZAL AMABLE..

LERCIU, AoHnJLE.

